Negotiating the Paradox: Adjuncts & Writing

  • Part of what I’ve been doing in this blog is noodling around the questions of how adjunct writers’ circumstances affect their writing (and writing teaching), and, by implication, to what extend adjuncts are working in special circumstances.

    Well, here’s one answer to that last question: Bedford /St. Martin’s thinks that adjuncts work in different circumstances. At least, that’s the implication in their online publication Lore. Interestingly, Lore is “a journal for adjunct and graduate student teachers of writing” but it is “edited by TAs, adjuncts, and assistant professors.” I’m tempted to hare off down the “What, no senior faculty need help teaching writing?” trail, but truth be told, comparatively few of them teach writing courses that this is probably simple realism on Bedford St. Martin’s part. So, start with what this dedication implies: graduate students and adjuncts are classed together. It suggests they may also need the most help, and perhaps that they’re the ones doing the composition instruction. (It’s certainly the case at all schools I’ve been associated with.)

    What, then, is Lore, why does it exist, and what does it do? The history of Lore can be found in A Journal Built Around Lore” by Nick Carbone. There Carbone reviewed Lore’s initial history in 2001-2004, as well as a 2009 special issue. Since then, Lorehas become part of Bedford St. Martin’s Bits, a multi-author blog providing advice on teaching composition. (That this new blog still acknowledges the role of the adjunct in composition can be seen in the fact that the blog includes Adjunct Advice from Gregory Zobel.)

    The idea behind Lore—creating a “journal built around lore”— is an intriguing one. On one hand, it represents a kind of theoretical and perhaps political breakthrough: scholarship focusing on pedagogy is undervalued, and so emphasizing it challenges that. The day-to-day elements of teaching that show up in lore is highly situated, and valorized personal experience: both of these depend on relatively recent theoretical structures to be considered worthy of academic writing. On the other hand, my cynical side suggests that Lore may simply have not been necessary until now—that it is a product of the fragmenting academic workplace. (It is definitely a sign of a changing academic workplace, both in the fact it is electronic and in being associated with a publisher.)

    My speculations aside, Lore is highly useful. Victoria Sandbrook, who is blog manager at Bedford St. Martin’s, indicated that the site’s getting a lot of traffic, and that folks are staying long enough to indicate that they’re reading, not just bouncing in and away. The publication’s being cited, and people are linking/referring to it.

    I’m going to take a simpler approach and claim that Lore and Bitsare both useful as personal testimony. I set out to simply sample the various blogs of Bits—and found myself taking notes for assignments and handouts. Some of the blogs won’t be useful for me, but others, including those I initially dismissed, will be. The best example is Barclay Barrios and his tips on teaching composition. I’ve been teaching writing for around 20 years now, and was highly skeptical that I’d learn anything.

    I was very wrong. The post from 11/6, on guiding students through paragraph organization through a formula, was immediately useful. I’ll tinker with it, but I’ll be applying it…within the week. What’s more, the idea behind the tip led me to consider if I could create similar heuristics for any other areas where students regularly face challenges.

    Some of the tips are pretty pedestrian, but they’d all be useful for the graduate student portion of the audience: new teachers need tips on even the basics. As to what might make this applicable to adjunct instructors primarily, or especially, it would have to be the brief tip format. These pedagogical nuggets can be read in a few minutes and applied immediately, anywhere in any course. You don’t have to have a lot of time to introduce a theoretical frame—you don’t even have to have control of your own course design. In that, Bitsis even more useful than Lore itself. Lore’sarticles and forums provide considerable useful perspective on being an adjunct, but they aren’t as immediately applicable as Bits. Taken together, though, very useful. Thanks, Bedford St. Martin’s.

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  • At the risk of beating a dead one day conference into the ground, I want to touch on some of the results of the one day conference on teaching writing (at one of the schools I teach for as an adjunct, Baker College) that I recently attended.

    There have been four results that I can see, two of which are directly related to the intersection of adjuncts and writing.

    The first result is official: there are follow up emails, acknowledgements, inquiries about expense reports, etc. This is mostly housekeeping, but since one of the mailings was a certificate that goes in our files, it was a little more than that. Baker is tracking which adjuncts take part in these professional development activities (and we’ve been told, informally but repeatedly, doing so will make future employment steadier, and full-time employment more likely).

    The second result is interpersonal: there have been a number of faculty-to-faculty emails sent around, as well as emails from various administrators. Those from administrators might be attributed to formal management speak (”We’d like to thank you for attending our recent…”), but the peer-peer emails are lively, casual, and friendly (more so than before the conference). I count this as a sign of community being built.

    The third result is institutional, or rather, relates to engaging adjuncts with institutional standards. Readers will recall the conference focused on raising and standardizing grading practices through using rubrics to grade papers. A new class session has started since the conference. I can testify that I’m evaluating both my assignments to students and their work in terms of this rubric and the thinking behind it. I’m developing more examples of different levels of writing performance (as in, “Here is are A, B, C, D, and F level examples of thesis statements”), I’m articulating the differences among levels, and I’m trying to align my evaluation with these standards.

    The fourth result is relates to engagement with pedagogy. New freshman composition courses have been implemented since the conference. There is more discussion of what works and what does, and faculty are sharing more, than there was before the conference. I count this as a victory for writing pedagogy, especially since the conference was not about these courses.

    Was the conference expensive? Without a doubt. However, if you really want your adjuncts to a) feel wanted, b) feel like part of a community, and c) change how they are teaching, it worked.

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  • Take a look at the Adjunct Writing Instructor Group on Ning. No, seriously. Go ahead. It won’t take you long. It is, or rather was, a group started by an adjunct writing instructor to share ideas about the specific challenges inherent in adjuncts teaching writing. It was established to provide support for a specific community, and, though the founder Lisa Woods did not use this term, as a community of practice.

    As Wenger, McDermott, & Snyder, authors of the 2002 Cultivating Communities of Practice , would have told Ms. Woods, for communities of practice to survive, they need three defining components: a “domain of knowledge,” a community, and practices held in common.

    Take another look at the Adjunct Writing Instructor Group. You’ll see from the posts there that the members there do not lack knowledge (though as composition scholars will readily tell you, as an academic discipline writing/composition/rhetoric has long been marked by contests over the boundaries of its domain and challenges to it). There is an attempt to share practices, and a voiced desire to reach a shared understanding of best practices. Present in the posts you can see the good will that’s a vital precursor to community formation.

    And…as you know if you’ve looked at the group, it was discontinued. It never took off. There’s nothing wrong with this per se. Groups start and stop all the time, and experimentation is a vital part of an open society. And yet…this group addressed a clearly felt need, and trickled out of existence. If you’re looking for a sign about how the structural context in which adjuncts write determines their success, take this as one. Too busy teaching at two colleges to keep the machine cranking and support the group until it finally lurched to independent life, Ms. Woods let it die so she could live. Well, work.

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  • As the number and percentage of adjunct faculty members has risen, various groups have been formed to meet their needs. Some are unions, some closer to support groups, and some aim approach adjuncts professional needs through training and certification. One of these organizations is the Society of Certified Adjunct Faculty Educators, or SoCAFE. Dr. Rochelle Santopoalo, the president and founder of SoCAFE, was gracious enough to answer a few questions regarding SoCAFE’s thoughts on the question of adjuncts and writing. (If you’re interested in learning more about SoCafe in general, you might visit their website.)

    AA: What role does SoCAFE see for writing in its attempt to help train and promote adjunct faculty?

    SoCAFE: We see our role in writing as an important communication path between student and faculty. Notably, writing is important in the area of feedback to students on assignments. For online courses, writing is the primary communication path making the written word that much more critical. Embedded in the materials for the certification are readings that describe and demonstrate techniques for faculty writing on feedback.

    AA: Where does writing fit with the ten core competencies identifies for adjunct instructors, and why?

    SoCAFE: Writing is most aligned with Core Competency 8: Provide student feedback in a manner that supports learning. In this competency, the intent is to promote consistent, critical, and constructive information back to the student with the purpose of helping them improve their skills.

    AA: Does SoCAFE provide training in academic writing/publishing for its members?

    SoCAFE: No, not at this time.

    AA: How about scholarship in general; how does SoCAFE approach scholarship? For example, does SoCAFE argue that scholarship should be taken into account when evaluating adjuncts? That adjuncts should focus on teaching, and not on scholarship?

    SoCAFE: Our position is that the focus of adjunct faculty is on teaching. Rather than scholarship, we opt for practice as being of equal importance to teaching, hence a teacher-practitioner approach. I was introduced to this approach in 1975 at Rush University’s College of Nursing where Luther Christman was spearheading this approach, alongside the medical community. It had inherent logic to have teachers also be practitioners.

    In the 1970s the use of adjuncts came into popularity with them being hired by community colleges. With community colleges having a focus more on application than on theory, hiring educated practitioners made sense. That trend has continued especially for business adjunct faculty as evidenced by the promotional material of most business programs that tout their faculty bringing real world experience to the classroom. 

    AA: I notice that one of the revenue streams for adjunctpreneurs is writing. How / where does writing fit with this professional model?

    SoCAFE: Writing fits into the adjunctpreneurs revenue stream in several ways. For one, the format that you are using, a blog, is an extension of knowledge by adjuncts into the written and electronic world. Adjuncts have content as their base, ideally they are up-to-date on current events and can address a given topic from a variety of perspectives that help put today’s issues in perspective.

    Another revenue stream using writing for adjuncts would be writing articles on their area of expertise for any number of broadcast medium. For example, an adjunct can serve as a columnist for a newspaper on their area of expertise. I’ve submitted articles on the shifting trend in job skills for my local paper as a representative of the college where I was teaching. Most higher education institutions desire a connection to the local media and having an adjunct faculty initiate this relationship opens the door to exposing both the institution and the adjunct. 

    A final stream of revenue for adjuncts based on writing would be the opportunity for self-publishing and print on demand. Rather than navigate the publishing maze, adjuncts can take their body of knowledge and self-publish. A popular approach is to promote on their own websites or barter with other website owners to provide them content in exchange for exposure. Writing becomes the tangible form of an adjuncts knowledge that can be bought and sold as intellectual capital. The need for quality content that is well written remains strong in today’s market with an explosion of placement opportunities available as digital formats continue to expand.

    AA: Thank you for sharing your time and expertise with us.

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